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Puromycin aminonucleoside is the aminonucleoside portion of the antibiotic puromycin, and a puromycin analog which does not inhibit protein synthesis or induce apoptosis. In Vitro: Puromycin aminonucleoside (30 ug/mL) markedly increases p53 protein levels in podocytes. Puromycin aminonucleoside-induced podocyte apoptosis is p53 dependent and supports the notion that dexamethasone exerts an antiapoptotic effect on cells that are exposed to Puromycin aminonucleoside through the downregulation of p53. Puromycin aminonucleoside induces podocyte apoptosis in a time-dependent manner[1]. The IC50 values for PMAT-expressing and vector-transfected cells are 48.9 and 122.1 uM, respectively, suggesting expression of PMAT-enhanced cell sensitivity to Puromycin aminonucleoside. Puromycin aminonucleoside (250 uM) is toxic to both PMAT-expressing and vector-transfected cells. Puromycin aminonucleoside uptake in PMAT-expressing cells is fourfold higher at pH 6.6 than that at pH 7.4[2]. In Vivo: The number of podocytes per glomerulus is 95.5+/-17.6 in the control rats, 90.7 on Day 4 in Puromycin aminonucleoside (8 mg/100 g, i.v.)-treated nephrosis rats. The amount of nephrin per glomerulus in control rats is 1.02+/-0.11 fmol and those in Puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis rats are reduced to 0.46+/-0.06 fmol and 0.35+/-0.04 fmol on Day 4 and Day 7. The nephrin amount per podocyte is significantly decreased association with the development of proteinuria in Puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis rats[3]. Rats given Puromycin aminonucleoside (100 mg/kg, s.c.) gain less weight and their serum creatinine levels are higher than the control rats, indicating imPuromycin aminonucleosideired renal function[4].
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