Antithrombin III [90170-80-2]

Athens Research

Antithrombin III [90170-80-2]

9

In Vitro Diagnostic, Coagulation/Fibrinolysis, Protease Inhibition, Rheumatoid Arthritis

Research Use Only

≥95% by SDS-PAGE

Antithrombin-III

Antithrombin III (AT III), a glycoprotein serpin superfamily, circulates in plasma at 15 mg/100 mL and exhibits higher concentrations in plasma than serum due to thrombin complex formation during coagulation. This inhibitor primarily targets proteases in the coagulation cascade, including thrombin, factor Xa, IXa, and plasmin, through a two-step mechanism: initial docking via its reactive center loop (RCL) followed by irreversible covalent complex formation. Heparin enhances AT III activity more then1000-fold by inducing conformational changes in the D-helix, which accelerates protease inhibition via allosteric activation (factor Xa/IXa) or bridging mechanisms (thrombin). Clinically, congenital AT III deficiency (1:500–5000 incidence) predisposes to venous thromboembolism (VTE), with 85% of carriers experiencing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) by age 50. Acquired deficiencies arise from hepatic dysfunction, nephrotic syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), or sepsis. Reduced AT III levels (less then80% activity) correlate with hypercoagulability, postoperative thrombosis, and obstetric complications like preeclampsia. Therapeutically, human plasma-derived AT III concentrates are FDA-approved for hereditary deficiency management and perioperative prophylaxis in high-risk surgeries (e.g., cardiopulmonary bypass, liver transplantation). Emerging applications include adjunct therapy for COVID-19-associated coagulopathy and modulation of inflammatory signaling via endothelial syndecan-4 receptors. AT III monitoring guides anticoagulant dosing in heparin-resistant patients, while novel siRNA therapies targeting hepatic synthesis show promise for thromboprophylaxis.

more then 1 year

Source human plasma non-reactive for HBsAG, anti-HCV, anti-HBc, and negative for anti-HIV 1 & 2 by FDA approved tests.

-20C

41116100